Addiction vs. Dependency

Addiction vs. Dependency Addiction vs. Dependency Addiction vs. Dependency By Maeve Maddox A reader asks if there is any difference between addiction and dependency. The Chicago Manual of Style offers this straightforward distinction: One is physically addicted to something but psychologically dependent on something. I like the simplicity of this explanation, but a casual Web tour reveals a difference of opinion when the context is drug use. For example: Physical dependence in and of itself does not constitute addiction, but it often accompanies addiction.- National Institute on Drug Abuse (US government site). A number of substances produce psychological and/or physical dependence without producing an addiction.- Addiction Science Forum. Addiction can occur without physical dependence [and] physical dependence can occur without addiction.- The National Alliance of Advocates for Buprenorphine Treatment. Clearly, the use of the words dependency and addiction must be handled with care when writing about their medical implications. For the non-medical writer whose purpose is to choose between the words on the basis of connotation, a look at their etymologies offers a basis for choice. Addiction implies enslavement. The word derives from a Latin verb that meant, among other things, â€Å"to sell into slavery.† An addicted person no longer belongs to himself. Addiction implies a state from which there is no escape. Dependency, on the other hand, carries the connotation of temporality. A child’s dependency ends with maturity. Dependency connotes a situation from which there is a way out. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 Classes and Types of PhrasesHow to spell "in lieu of"20 Names of Body Parts and Elements and Their Figurative Meanings

The Watering Can Business Plan Essay

The Watering Can Business Plan Essay The Watering Can Business Plan Essay The Watering Can Brie’s boutique providing fresh flowers for all occasions Legal Structure The set legal structure for this business is an unincorporated sole trader. The business would be classified as a small business as there would be between 5 to 19 employees. The advantages of this legal structure are: complete control as an owner, low cost of entry, no partner disputes, less government regulation, No tax on profits only personal income. Disadvantages for this legal structure are: Unlimited liability, End of business ends when owner dies, Difficulty in operation when owner is sick, Diversity in range of task that are needed to be performed by one person, Finances can be difficult. Secondary tertiary industry quinary Vision The watering can hopes to become a local florist shop supplying and known for the best quality fresh flowers for all occasions. I hope to not only supply to locals that come to the shop but perhaps perform deliveries therefore catering for all events like valentine’s day gifts or funerals. The hope of expansions to other local suburbs to increase the market in which a florist attacks. It’ll portray the flowers locally available to the public and be all from local suppliers keeping it within Australia. Business goals The business goals for â€Å"the watering can† can be divided into three sections; Social, Personal and financial. Social goals Community Service: The business wishes to bond itself tightly with the local community, by buying product from local suppliers and having involvement with local churches, schools and markets. This can be done through supplying them with product at discounted rates or donating product at events to show support. Provision of Employment: ‘The Watering can’ shall provide job interviews and employment for those in the local community. Specialist jobs such as deliveries of flowers must have a or special requests have a driver’s license, and in the case of taking special request or organising bouquets must be trained by owners or senior staff. Personal goals Strategic Goals: The targets which senior management need to deal with include: Growth and Expansion of the business to other areas located around the main store in the centre, increasing profitability and providing opportunities for both employees and employers. (7-10 years) Steady cash flow that is highly profitable and ensures all debt is paid off. (5-7 years from establishment) Business Reputation of social responsibility and environmental sustainability. This needs to be developed early to develop an establishes client base. (1-5 years from establishment) Tactical Goals: Objectives handled by middle management include: Satisfied employees and a safe working environment with a positive vibe enticing both customers and employees to love and enjoy the store. Costs- work out costs of products and pricing to make profit and invest profit in possible expansion options. Wages- provide employees with above award wages. Use environmental products to help develop reputation of business. Operational Goals: Determined by front line management: these focus on the short term issues. Customer Satisfaction – workers need to be customer orientated as a competitive advantage of the business is the level of satisfaction customers gain through the cellular production method, making each order different and specific to customer taste. Employee Satisfaction – this comes down to the owner and or HR to make sure that employees stay happy and safe in their working place as they deal with the customers in store and they need to achieve customer satisfaction which can mean going out of the way to make a customer happy so the owner must do the same for their workers i.e monetary and non-monetary benefits. WH&S, Preservation of the workplace: negating damage to ‘The Watering Can’ Financial goals Profit: A business needs profit to survive in the business world, thus its essential and key to the success of a business. ‘The watering

Case analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8

Case analysis - Essay Example Since the company used to deal with more than one currency, then the exchange rate proved to be a challenge. Foreign currency rates are never constant; they fluctuate on a daily basis due to the interaction of a variety of elements that are beyond the scope of this case analysis. Delays in ordering and payment together with exchange rate fluctuations pose a significant risk for a company like Alliance that deals with more than one currency. Although it is uncertain, it could be argued that with exchange rate could fluctuate in either direction thus providing some room for profitability. The other problem that Alliance faced was the fact that they have been in operation for only three years. Some of the company is administrative and supply chain processes, such as those for equipment procurement and generation of price quotations require improvement and formalization. This can be attributed to the fact that they have only been in operation for quite a short period (Aleshaiway, 2005). The customer can participate by modifying the price quotation process in a bid to mitigate the foreign exchange risk. This policy can be implemented through a number of various ways including, changing the acceptance period (30 days) and changing the required amount of deposits to be made. A stipulation is saying that the final charges would be based on the exchange rate at the time of project completion should be included in the original contract. To add to the above strategy, a review of the internal processes related to cash management (including collection from customers and payment of suppliers), price quotations, and equipment procurement. Although there are aspects of the overall process that are dependent on schedules and operations of others such us completion of projects, there are small issues within that process that could bring about risk mitigation of exchange rates. The company

Is there a difference between my perception of reality and reality Case Study

Is there a difference between my perception of reality and reality itself - Case Study Example Perception is the individual mind set of people who influences the manner in which they view life and make a decision when responding to life situations. For instance some people perceive war to be the only sure way to bring peace to people to warring groups while others view it as an evil act which is conducted by people who are against peace and with evil intentions. The way those two groups perceive war is totally different and thus it influences the manner in which they are going to make a judgement concerning that particular subject (Xlibris Corp, 2012). Despite perception varying from one individual to the next, one’s perception can be influenced or manipulated by situations that occur in the environment or by reality itself. Whenever someone has been exposed to reality he/she will tend to be influenced into changing his/her mind set thus, changing the perception. Perception is not always correct since it can be distorted from the general expectation of life (Xlibris Corp, 2012). Thus, reality plays an important role in influencing the cognition of a person and in influencing ones perception in the right way. However, it is not always right for one’s perception to be influenced since the manner in which one perceives things is the same way life unfolds. Thus, it is right to take life in your way as it will unfold, in the same way; hence one can lead an interesting life. If someone is so concerned in being influenced by the perception of others he/she will always fell inferior to the cognition of others thus leading to a miserable life as one cannot be content with his/her own self (Xlibris Corp, 2012). Some critics argue that there is nothing like reality as it all depends on how individuals perceive things and situations that determine on what can be regarded as real or not. Strong believers of individual perception do not find much sense in reality as they act in the manner in which their perception

Of mice and men Essay Example for Free

Of mice and men Essay In the novel of mice and men many of the characters are lonely. They have no one that really cares for them. This could be because that individual is coloured, female or that the person doesnt fit in with anyone. One of the characters that are lonely in this novel is Characters such as crooks who are lonely because hes black (coloured). Crooks spend the vast majority of his time in the barn. The only way he can socialise with the other men is when theyre all playing horse shoes. Other times, hes not allowed in the bunk house. For example Lennie, candy and Crooks were talking in the barn house and Curleys wife came in and they all wanted her to go. Crooks stood his ground to her as they were all arguing. He said You got no rights comin in a coloured mans room. You got no rights messing around in here at all. Now you jus get out, an get out quick. If you dont, Im gonna ast the boss not to ever let you come in the barn no more. Curleys wife replied with Listen nigger, you know what I can do to you if you open your trap. The book then reads Crooks seemed to grow small, and he pressed himself against the wall. Yes, maam. What Curleys wife meant by saying what she could do to crooks is that all she has to say to Curley or anyone, is that Crooks has been coming on to her and harassing her. Once she has said that, Curley will be after Crooks and beat him. No one will want to listen to Crooks side of the story simply because hes black (coloured). Other characters in the novel such as Curleys wife are also lonely. John Steinback purposely didnt give Curleys wife a name because it shows that she was not treated as a normal human being. In the novel Candy has his dog that is simply known as Candys dog. This is shown of what Curleys wife means to everyone in the novel. All that she was to everyone was Curleys property or owner. An example is in chapter three was, Did you see that girl? You mean Curleys girl? Like crooks, Curleys wife does not have a say in anything. In the novel Lennie is another character who is also lonely. He is mentally ill, and has the mind of a child who is five years old. He imitates quite often what George is doing, just like a child would do to someone else for example, He pulled his hat down a little more over his eyes, the way Georges was. He also has the tendency to forget things that he has been told, and is quite often called a crazy bastard by George. For example, So you forgot awready, did you? I gotta tell you again, do I? Jesus Christ, youre a crazy bastard. Like Crooks, And Curleys wife, Lennie cant go out with the other men, such as when the whole group went into town Lennie had to stay behind with Crooks. He can not do this because he cant be trusted with meeting strangers, such as like what happened in Weed when he supposedly raped that little girl. What really happened was that he just wanted to feel the girls dress because he likes to feel soft and furry materials, and he panicked and the only thing he could do was to hold on until George had to sock him. Lennie also is Lonely because he does not have the choice to do what he wants, George has to give him instructions and tell him whats right and whats wrong. At the near beginning of the novel Lennie wanted to keep a dead mouse which he said he had found dead, however George told him to give the mouse over to him and Lennie, (who loves to pet mice and furry things) and Lennie handed the mouse over to George and obeyed him. Its only a mouse George A mouse? A live mouse? Uh-uh. Jus a dead mouse, George. I didnt kill it. Honest I found it. I found it dead. Give it here, said George. Aw, leave me have it, George. Give it here! Lennies closed hand slowly obeyed. Lennie is also a tall built man who isnt aware of his own strengths. He likes to pet mice but always kills them because he doesnt know his own strength. E. g. They was so little, he said apologetically. Id pet em, and pretty soon they bit my fingers and I pinched their heads a little and they was dead. Lennie has also often been compared to animals in the novel. All these things about Lennie like being a bit dumb, being forgetful or just being childish are what I think make him so lonely in the novel. He is nothing like anyone else, he doesnt ever want to cause trouble but he does it all the time without knowing what hes getting himself into and because of that he can not socialise with many other people which I believe is resulting in his loneliness in the novel. Another character in the novel of mice and men who is lonely is Candy. Candy only has his dog to keep him company, and was very sad to see the dog go after he was shot due to his bad smell. Candy has only his dog and has always been devoted to it. When he was told to shoot the dog he looked at it for a while and replied. No, he said softly. No, I couldnt do that. I had Im too long. Not only does Candy require his dog for companionship but the dog needs Candy for basic survival, the dog obeys Candy. E. g. Come on boy. Come on, boy,he said gently. The old dog slowly and stiffly to his feet and followed the gently pulling leash. Even though the dog has been physically damaged, Candy still wants to stay with it and keep it. Ill put the old devil out of his misery right now and get it over with. Aint nothing left for him. Cant eat, cant see, cant even walk without hurtin. Candy even didnt except another little pup from slim because he loved that dog so much. So despite the dog being physically damaged and not being able to do anything, Candy needs the dog because its the only thing he has got and he loves it and has really gotten use to it. He was left feeling lonely after it was shot.

Effective Parenting-Early Development, Various Parenting Styles and Dis

Parents act as the first teachers in a child's life. Both mothers and fathers can have very unique influences on their children. Mothers and fathers parent differently, however, both maternal and paternal figures are essential in healthy development. Together both parents teach their children many things including how to eat, walk, talk and underlying emotions such as love, trust and happiness. Oppositely parents may also teach their kids, often unknowing of the effects they are causing, distrust, anger, and contempt. Every parent parents differently using various methods, styles, and techniques. Though traditional nucleic family rolls are dying or reversing, maternal influences still tend to be more prominent than paternal influences during the early stages of development. To a young child mothers tend to be more nurturing, providing food and dry diapers more often than their male counterparts. Where as the father would be more likely to interact in a playing manner, perhaps rolling a ball around or reading a story. Both aspects are extremely important in early development. One of the most influential aspects of a child's development comes in form of Attachment. In essence Attachment is the close bond that a baby feels with it's primary caregiver. This bond lays the foundation for all future relationships. This bond could literally make or break a young child's basic ability to socialize. For example, say the primary caregiver to which a child attached was their mother and at two years of age she ran off leaving the father alone to raise the child. This could cause the child to become withdrawn, even from the father and certainly to any new people brought in to take her place, such as a nanny or day care worker. Later on th... ... strong family structure, keep the lines of communication open, never be afraid to punish them if necessary as you see fit, and do what works for you and your child, because every family is different, what works for one is not guaranteed to work for another. Works Cited 1. Coon, D., & Mitterer, J. O. (2012). Psychology: modules for active learning (12th ed.). Australia: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. 2. Farnsworth, D. L. (1966). Psychiatry, education, and the young adult,. Springfield, Ill.: C.C. Thomas. 3. McGraw, P. C. (2004). Family first: your step-by-step plan for creating a phenomenal family. New York: Free Press. 4. N/A, N. (Director). (2005). Discipline: Teaching Limits With Love [Documentary]. U.S.A: Parents Action For Children. 5. Sells, S. P. (1998). Treating the tough adolescent: a family-based, step-by-step guide. New York: Guilford Press.

Business Structure of Mcdonald’s Corporation Essay

The organizational structure of a business is a unique relationship formed when functional areas, defined by purpose and specific roles, are associated. Proficient organizations are capable of success because of fluent operations between stable functional areas. This portion of our business project will provide insight on the business structure of McDonald’s Corporation by analyzing the functional areas of business, taking into consideration factors like technology, the basic laws of economics, and some key aspects of management. McDonald’s Corporation runs its business in a similar manner to nearly all fast food restaurant chains, so its creative bubble for abstract business terminology is not necessarily inventive. Throughout the MGT101 course and researching this business, many terms (and/or their definitions) have been mentioned that I consider new to my vocabulary. To name a few: Franchise — â€Å"the right or license granted to an individual or group to market a company’s goods or services in a particular territory; also: a business granted such a right or license†. (â€Å"Franchise†, n.d.) Sustainability — â€Å"of, relating to, or being a method of harvesting or using a resource so that the resource is not depleted or permanently damaged†. (â€Å"Sustainability†, n.d.) Segment — â€Å"one of the constituent parts into which a body, entity, or quantity is divided or marked off by or as if by natural boundaries†. (â€Å"Segment†, n.d.) Corporation — â€Å"an association of employers and employees in a basic industry or of members of a profession organized as an organ of political representation in a corporative state†. (â€Å"Corporation†, n.d.) Overhead — â€Å"business expenses (as rent, insurance, or heating) not chargeable to a particular part of the work or product†. (â€Å"Overhead†, n.d.) Capitalism – â€Å"an economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market†. (â€Å"Capitalism†, n.d.) Capital Expenditure — â€Å"expenditure on acquisitions of or improvements to fixed assets†. (â€Å"Capital Expenditure†, n.d.) Revenue – â€Å"the return or yield from  any kind of property, patent, service, etc.; income†. (â€Å"Revenue, n.d.) Quality Control – â€Å"a system for verifying and maintaining a desired level of quality in a product or process by careful planning, use of proper equipment, continued inspection, and corrective action as required†. (â€Å"Quality Control†, n.d.) Hamburger University – â€Å"the company’s global center of excellence for McDonald’s operations training and leadership development†. (McDonald’s Corporation, n.d.) The organizational structure of McDonald’s relative to the functional areas of marketing, human resources, accounting, finance, and operations can be summarized by investigating each individually. For McDonald’s Corporation, marketing and advertising are what make sales. Whether directed towards children, adults, families, or people managing time restraints, McDonald’s has a goal to make their food fun and affordable. Marketing is conducted not only by television, billboard, radio, newsprint, and internet advertising, but also through sponsorships and promotions. A prime example of McDonald’s sponsorship is evident with the upcoming 2012 Olympics, where McDonald’s is labeled the â€Å"Official Restaurant† of the games, targeting an audience seeking assurance that McDonald’s food is a healthy option. Beyond reigning over the entire games, McDonald’s takes it a step further by getting prominent athletes to promote products and drive influence deeper into the general public. Marketing tactics targeted at children include persuasion based on fun by using toys in Happy Meals. For the thrifty and penny conscience, McDonald’s promotes their dollar menu and offers coupons. By changing their menu options, McDonald’s can promote seasonal and holiday options like milkshake flavors. The organizational structure of McDonald’s Corporation is considered divisional, separated by geography. The business is managed as distinct geographic segments that include: The United States, Europe, APMEA (Asia/Pacific, Middle East and Africa), and Other Countries & Corporate (OCC) including Canada, Latin America and Corporate. (McDonald’s Corp, n.d.) McDonald’s corporate website provided a financial highlights spreadsheet for 2011 that offer insight into the accounti ng of its organization. The most significant costs and expenses associated with McDonald’s are generally referred to as â€Å"Company Operated Restaurant Expenses†. Breaking that down further, the C.O.R.E. can be identified as  food and paper, payroll and employee benefits, and occupancy and other operating expenses. In 2011, the C.O.R.E. costs totaled over $14 billion globally. The most significant source of revenue for McDonald’s was through sales at company operated restaurants. Although McDonald’s Corporation receives revenues form franchised store locations, its 1,552 company operated locations totaled over $18 billion in sales, while revenues from franchised stores brought in only $8 billion. The most profitable segment of McDonald’s Corporation in 2011 was Europe, slighting the United States in revenue by about $2 billion. (McDonald’s, 2011) Financing the operations within this organization come mostly from retained profits and bank loans. Although McDonald’s offers stock to be traded publically, the revenues generated do not provide the primary source of financing for franchised and company operated store locations. (McDonald’s, 2011) The operations of McDonald’s restaurants are supported by a system that involves three main components, what Ray Kroc titled the three legged stool. The first leg is McDonald’s and its core values of quality, service, cleanliness and value. The second leg is franchisees. Each encouraged to be innovative, but also required to operate within the core values established by McDonald’s. The third leg being McDonald’s suppliers, consistently supply products across business segments in order to recreate the McDonald’s experience at every location. Creating an operating system based on the three legged stool philosophy, Kroc was able to invent the most integrated, efficient and innovative supply system in the food service industry, thus controllin g inventory, quality and repetitive production within each business segment. (McDonald’s Corporation, n.d.) Much like any major corporation, McDonald’s utilizes its functional areas to create compatibility within its infrastructure. As described in our text (Chapter 5 of Exploring Business), the success of a business lies in the ability to manage and grow. McDonald’s Corporation has established a system where the core areas work together to manage operations, money, people, sales, and the competition. The roles of the functional areas and how they work together give McDonald’s the ability to know their business, know their product, and know their competition. (Collins, 2009) McDonald’s management has established goals and values by which they operate. Focus on the employees, customers, suppliers, and brand image has placed McDonald’s Corporation on the cutting  edge of franchised restaurant chains. Its values encourage employee development, environmental and supply chain sustainability, and continuous improvement on every level. Whether franchise owners and operators are enrolled at Hamburger University (a training facility that teaches the McDonald’s business system) or employees are taking advantage of leadership development programs, the management of McDonald’s Corporation has intent to provide support and encourage development from all the people who make McDonald’s stores diverse and successful. (McDonald’s Corporation, n.d.) The impact and evolution of technology has enabled McDonald’s to reach customers, suppliers, employees and restaurants at every corner of the globe. Technology of the times has held a premium value to McDonald’s marketing strategy. The modest beginning of McDonald’s marketing and advertising strategy has evolved since the 1950’s with radio and newsprint ads. 1966 brought the first television commercial to the United States and in 2003 the first global ad campaign (titled â€Å"i’m lovin’ it†) is launched in Germany. (McDonald’s Corporation, n.d.) Technology’s impact on marketing and operations has been substantial. The internet provides an invaluable resource for collecting data points on market segmentation and analyzing global trends. Faster accessibility to critical information has helped optimize supply chain operations and improvements towards sustainability. Global communication capabilities allow business segments to interface â€Å"in person† using webcams, saving time and money on travel expenses. Accounting and finance departments use technology to improve error proofing and record keeping. File sharing is quicker and more secure, allowing restaurants within business segments to watch trends in sales and enable adjustment to accommodate profitable operations. McDonald’s restaurant distribution centers rely primarily on regional suppliers for produce, meat, buns, and packaging. Based on the information I’ve collected about McDonald’s, international trade has little effect on business operations. Unlike companies that rely on foreign made (or mined) textiles and metal ores to make a product, McDonald’s supply chain is strategic to obtain only the freshest ingredients from within each business segment. (McDonald’s Corporation, n.d.) A safe bet could be made in the statement that nearly every McDonald’s customer is either hungry, thirsty, or both. The products served by McDonald’s restaurants are an array of breakfast, lunch, dinner  and dessert items ranging from breakfast burritos and hotcakes, to hamburgers, French fries, chicken sandwiches, and ice cream sundaes†¦and a lot in between. Portioned meals are designed to suffice the appetites of all consumers, including the dainty eaters, mid-day snackers, and the average adult. McDonald’s restaurants solve the problem consumer’s face when seeking f ast food at an affordable price and with good quality. Often found by major roadways and fueling stations, McDonald’s restaurants provide quick and easy dining when traveling. Customers who use the services of McDonald’s stores include all walks of life. Business men and women, health conscience eaters, children, and thrifty shoppers have a niche within the McDonald’s marketing scheme. Finding and identifying every customer starts with good marketing. McDonald’s uses social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter to follow consumer habits and trends. They conduct survey’s to collect data on current customers and research other fast food operations in order to compete. Strong advertising campaigns using television, radio, the internet, billboards, and magazines draw customers through vivid imagery, nutritional statements, and brand recognition. (McDonald’s Corporation, n.d.) Considering the varied demographics associated with over 33,000 global restaurants, McDonald’s prices fluctuate from store to store. Their pricing strategy is set to accommodate regional business and market segmentation by analyzing the demographics surrounding each restaurant. In the United States, for instance, two McDonald’s store locations will offer the same menu option at different prices based on the economic status of surrounding areas. McDonald’s Corporation researches the areas thoroughly before opening a restaurant to determine the value of their product compared to the value of a community’s dollar. In shopping districts or roadways surrounding exclusive neighborhoods, McDonald’s will charge more for a value meal when compared to a less fortunate area. Why? They know low-income consumers will likely not find their way to a higher-income area. By creating market segments, prices can vary based on the financial capabilities of its customer s. (â€Å"McDonald’s Pricing Strategy,† 2012) McDonald’s business operations are directly affected by supply and demand. Factors that play into their success revolve around competition, local economies, and population. Restaurants located in areas with a high number of establishments serving food succumb to consumer choice and face the  possibility of fewer sales. Likewise, restaurants in lower income neighborhoods rely on a customer base that faces the decision of quantity or quality. Many lower income families can stretch their dollar into several meals at the grocery where McDonald’s would provide just one. Fluctuations in population can affect the demand for fast food meals, and therefore directly affect sales. (Collins, 2009) McDonald’s has always held an open door to offering a first job, regardless of experience or credentials. From there, McDonald’s Corporation is dedicated to providing an opportunity for a career. Search the web (http://www.mcdonalds.com/us/en/careers/workinghere.html) and see that open positions across the United States are available at either a corpora te or restaurant level, on a spectrum that covers all ranges of experience and entry level. Although McDonald’s corporate website does not provide compensation in the form of dollar amounts for either hourly or salary employees, less reliable internet sites might suggest restaurant employees’ initial wages range from around $7/hr. upwards to $10/hr., depending on position; average management positions can offer in the neighborhood of $30k to $40k annually. According to McDonald’s website, non-financial compensation packages for employees include company assisted health plans, paid holidays and vacations, access to career development opportunities and training, 401(k) contributions, discounted meals, and even the possibility of a company vehicle. (McDonald’s Corporation, n.d.) In closing, the strategic system McDonald’s Corporation has organized to manage it business involves multiple factors. People that choose to join McDonalds’ team are encouraged to continuously improve their careers, utilize full potential, and assist with innovation to achieve the goals and mission set forth by McDonald’s Corporation. The unique inter-relationship woven by functional areas of this business provide support within the company structure to assist employees at any level; from top executives to restaurant crew members. Optimization of operations using technology and an innovate supply chain allow for the company to adjust constantly in response to trends and social influence. References Capital Expenditure. (n.d.) In Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary. Retrieved from http://www. merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ Capitalism. (n.d.) In Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ Collins, K. (2009). Exploring Business. Nyack, NY: Flat World Knowledge, Inc. Corporation. (n.d.) In Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary. Retrieved fromhttp://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ Franchise. (n.d.). In Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ Income Statement. (n.d.) In Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ McDonald’s Corporation. (n.d.). Company Profile. Retrieved from McDonald’s Corporation website: http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com McDonald’s Corporation. (n.d.). Corporate Careers/Training & Development/Hamburger University. Retrieved from McDonald’s Corporation website: http:// McDonald’s Corporation. (n.d.). Our Company. Retrieved fro m McDonald’s Corporation website: http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com McDonald’s Corporation. (n.d.). Our History. Retrieved form McDonald’s Corporation website:http://www.mcdonalds.com McDonald’s Corporation. (n.d.). Our History/Our Story/The Ray Kroc Story. Retrieved from McDonald’s Corporation website: http://www.mcdonalds.com McDonald’s Corporation. (2011). McDonald’s 2011 Financial Information Workbook. Retrieved from McDonald’s Corporation website: http://aboutmcdonalds.com/ content/dam/AboutMcDonalds/Investors/ Investors%202012/McDonalds%202011%20 Financial%20Information%20Workbook.xls McDonald’s Corporation. (n.d.). Working Here. Retrieved from McDonald’s Corporation website: http://www.mcdonalds.com/us/en/careers/working_here.html McDonald’s Pricing Strategy. (2012). Retrieved from http://ecuatoriall.com/mcdonalds-pricing-strategy/ Overhead. (n.d.) In Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ Quality Control. (n.d.) In Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.merriam -webster.com/dictionary/ Revenue. (n.d.) In Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ Segment. (n.d.) In Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ Sustainability. (n.d.). In Merriam-Webster’s online dictionary. Retrieved from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/